Rospotrebnadzor Estimates Economic Impact of Infectious Diseases in Russia at RUB 1.34 Trillion

On June 1, 2026, Russia’s Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being (Rospotrebnadzor) published its State Report on the Sanitary and Epidemiological Well-Being of the Population of the Russian Federation in 2025. According to the report, 35,747,998 cases of infectious and parasitic diseases were registered in Russia in 2025, a 9.3% decrease compared with the previous year.

Despite the overall decline in the number of reported cases, the economic damage caused by 30 major infectious diseases amounted to RUB 1.3417 trillion. Acute upper respiratory infections of multiple and unspecified localization accounted for the largest share of the total economic impact.

One of the most notable developments in 2025 was a substantial decline in the incidence of COVID-19. According to Rospotrebnadzor, approximately 342,500 cases of coronavirus infection were registered, with the incidence rate falling 3.3-fold compared with 2024. At the same time, incidence rates for a number of other infectious diseases remained above their long-term averages.

In particular, influenza incidence in 2025 was six times higher than the long-term average, while the incidence of community-acquired pneumonia exceeded the average by 1.5 times and pneumococcal pneumonia by two times. Significant increases above long-term average levels were also recorded for Haemophilus influenzae infection, at 19.3 times the average; rubella, at 5.6 times; generalized meningococcal infection, at 2.5 times; and listeriosis, at 3.3 times.

Elevated incidence compared with long-term averages was also reported for a number of intestinal and zoonotic infections. Norovirus infection was 1.8 times above the long-term average, non-polio enterovirus infections 2.4 times higher, and Q fever 1.9 times higher.

At the same time, positive trends continued for several socially significant infectious diseases. In 2025, the incidence of HIV infection continued to decline, with 45,638 newly diagnosed cases registered. The incidence rate stood at 31.23 cases per 100,000 population, 13.4% lower than in 2024. People aged 30–49 accounted for the largest share of newly diagnosed cases. Sexual transmission remained the predominant route of HIV transmission in 2025.

Declining incidence rates were also observed for a number of other infectious diseases. Nevertheless, the epidemiological situation remains uneven. Alongside reductions in several diseases, Rospotrebnadzor continues to record incidence levels above long-term averages for a number of infections, including influenza, Haemophilus influenzae infection, rubella, meningococcal infection, listeriosis, as well as certain intestinal and zoonotic diseases.

Overall, the data presented in Rospotrebnadzor’s State Report indicate that the overall incidence of infectious diseases in Russia decreased in 2025, while infectious diseases continued to impose a significant social and economic burden. At the same time, the epidemiological risk landscape is changing: against the backdrop of a substantial decline in COVID-19 incidence, continued attention is required to other respiratory, vaccine-preventable, intestinal and zoonotic infections.

Full State Report: https://www.rospotrebnadzor.ru/documents/details.php?ELEMENT_ID=32377